DISCUSSION

Flowers are the symbol of beauty and Bangladesh is the country of natural beauty. Many flowers are available locally. Many people are associated with the commercial cultivation of flowers as flowers have the great economic value and export potential. But now a days commercial cultivation decreasing day by day because of increasing rate of food grain production to feed the growing population, lack of quality flower variety, lack of proper knowledge and lack of technological advancement.


Last term I have finished a course named “Floriculture” and have learned about the scope of flower production in our country and also about the propagation technique, production technique, requirements and so on in this course.

When the course was started, I was in fear about this course as I had very little concept about  the course and the dangerous thing is that I could not identify many of the flowers except few native flowers.
During this course I have learned about many flowers in detail  but I think this is very little thing. To know the details and for further information I should study through books, internet, journals etc. I was in curiosity about which flowers are commonly available in our country, beautiful flowers introduced in our country and the flowers can be grown in a particular season or month.

Importance of flowers

• Social function:  Wedding, interior decoration, worshpping, religious and self-adornment,      floral bouquets, birthday parties, welcoming friends or relatives.
• Economic contribution
• Sale of flowers
• Extraction of essential oils and
• Making of economic products like perfume

 

Future scope

• Increasing demand of cut flowers, live plants
• Quality seed production
• Sale of garden tools, pots and others
• Perfumery products
• Bonsai development
• Research on Floricultural crops
• Production of ornamental plants

Competitive advantage of flowers:

There is high market demand for flower throughout the year. Besides greater profitability and export potential is favoring floriculture in Bangladesh. Further investment on establishing floriculture is very rewarding and valuable due to the following reasons:

• Availability of nursery plants and seeds
•  Soils and climate suitable for crop production
• Easy production technology and high yield
• Competitive price and high profit
•   Export potential

Name of some common native flowers:

Aparajita

Ashok
Bakul
Beli
Chalta
Champa
Jarul
Dopati
Dolonchapa
Ganda
Gondhoraj
Goolmohor
Hasnahena
Jaba
Jui
Kodom
Kolmi
Kamini
Kanchan
Kanur
Karabee
Kash
Kathalichapa
Kathchapa
Keya
Kolkiphul
Krishnochura
Radhachura
Madhurilata
Noyantara
Nilmonilata
Padda
Polash
Porijat
Rajanigndha

Rangon

Sondhamaloti
Sapla
Shimul
Shiris
Shiuli
Sonalu
Tagor

Table: Name of flowers and main production areas in Bangladesh

Name of flowers	Production area
Tuberose	Jessore, Satkhira, Bogra, Comilla, and Chittagong
Rose	Gazipur, Savar, Jesshore, Dhaka, Satkhira.
Gladiolus	Dhaka, Jesshore, Gazipur,
Chrysanthemum, Jipsophila, Carnation, Chinese, Aster	Saver, Gazipur
Dhalia	Dhaka, Savar, Gazipur,Bogra
Marigold, Jasmines	Jessore, Narayanganj, Savar
Lily, Diamond, Grassflower	Narshingdi

Special flowers which are  grown in particular month:

 January

The carnation is the flower available in January. Carnations have been cultivated for the last 2,000 years. Originally from the East. The flower meaning of pride, beauty, fascination, love and distinction.


The carnation is a pretty birth flower that can brought in any color. Carnations have a pleasant smell unlike some flowers that have no fragrance. The carnation also known by the name dianthus, sweet william, pinks, and maiden.

February

In February Iris is available. The warm, deep color of the iris is a harbinger of the luxuries of spring, as we know February has long been a month known for romance and love. The iris comes a few colors including cool blue and snowy white, remembrances of winter.


The iris flower meanings are faith, wisdom, and hope. The iris is a beautiful and meaningful gift.







 March


Daffodil is the flower available in March. Daffodils have the flower meaning of rebirth, respect, regard and unrequited love. The daffodil is one of the first flowers of spring, therefore it is a symbol of rebirth.




The March birth flower daffodil that is commonly known, is yellow with a sweet fragrance. It is native to the Mediterranean, but has been cultivated all over the world as a decorative plant. In England the daffodil birth flower is known as the lent lily because it blooms during lent.

April

In April flowers daisy commonly grown. The gerbera daisy has large colorful blooms, which has made it a popularity with flower lovers.


The Gerbera Daisy is a perennial flower. This daisy is a wonderful flower to design bouquets with as it can be the focal point or an accent. The Daisy is actually a perennial herb native to South Africa. The Gerbera Daisy is also known as the African Daisy, Transvaal Daisy, Gerb, and Barberton Daisy. It is one of the most popular cut flowers.

 May

Dainty lily of the valley is the flower of May. The lily of the valley has the flower meaning of humility, chastity, sweetness and purity. The delicate white blossoms of the lily of the valley bloom snugly between the broad leaved.
Lily is also called “the ladder to heaven” due to its bell shaped flowers hanging down from the stem. The lily of the valley is also known as “fairyladders” in Ireland. The lily of the valley is poisonous. The only poisonings recorded have occurred when the water from a vase of lily of the valley flowers was drunk.

June

The rose is the flower of June. Rose is known as the flower of passion as the ancient Greeks believed that Aphrodite the goddess of love gave a rose to Eros the god of love.
Roses have many flower meanings according to their colour and number of roses in a bouquet. All roses symbolize love and appreciation though.
No other flower is a recognizable as the rose. No other flower conveys love and passion like the rose either. In Victorian times each flower had its own secret meaning.

July 

The larkspur is the flower of July. It means lightness and levity. This is a lovely flower, it is a tall flower and is a variety of delphinium. It is a prized cut flower and flowers between June and September. It is poisonous to livestock.
The larkspur is an oldflower  popularly grown for the garden as it provides tall, beautiful spike flowers. The spikes of flowers are one to two feet tall. Larkspur is an annual variety of the perennial delphinium. Larkspur is easy to grow and comes in a variety of colours.

August 

The gladiolus is the flower of August. These flowers look like a sword with their tall stalks, hence their being named after the gladiators. The gladiolus is one of the beautiful cut flowers and one of the most attractive garden flowers.
The gladiolus is easy to grow and comes in every color except blue. The gladiolus grows from a bulb planted several inches below the ground surface. It is a member of the iris family and is originally from southern Africa.
 

 September

 Aster is the flower grown in September. Asters have a flower meaning of patience and daintiness. Aster is Latin for star which is referring to the flower’s star shape. The Aster is closely related to the Chrysanthemum.
There are actually 250 species of aster. The China aster is the common aster and the one used by florists and flower gardens. This flower is frost resistant.






 October


Marigold, also called calendula, is the flower grown in October. Sometimes called “summer bride” or “husbandman’s dial,” becauseof it’s flower head follows the sun. The Marigold’s flower meaning is “winning grace.”
Marigold is found through out Europe, the United States, and western Asia. They bloom practically non stop the entire summer and have few problems. Marigolds are good cleansers and can be remedies for the sting of bees.

 November 

The chrysanthemum is the beautiful flower grown in November. This flower can be found in many colors. Chrysanthemums have been grown by the Chinese for over 2,000 years. This flower is also a symbol of the sun.
The chrysanthemum blooms in late summer and Autumn. These flowers are native to Asia and Europe. There are over 30 species of the chrysanthemum. The chrysanthemum flower is actually a powerful antiseptic and antibiotic! It is used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat high blood pressure and angina.
  

December

The paper white narcissus is the flower grown in December. These ting dainty flowers are very fragrant flowers and has the strong scent. These flowers are frequently given as gifts at Christmas.
The paper white narcissus is a cousin to the daffodil flower. The paper white is the only narcissus variety that does not require a cold and dark period to bloom. The paper white is the most popular variety of narcissus. This flower means that the recipient of the paper whites is sweet.

Important flower shops and nurseries in Dhaka:

Name	Address
Chameli	Katabon, Dhaka University Market, Dhaka
GolapBitan	Savar Bus stands
Karabi	Shahbag, Dhaka
Madukari	Shahbag, Dhaka
Sunflower	Shahbag, dhaka
Madhabi	Shahbag, Dhaka
Chanchal	Mirpur road, Dhaka

Constraints of flower production in Bangladesh:

• The following constraints are identified in flower export:
• Production technology is still primitive and for this reason it is not possible to produce export quality products.
• Lack of proper post harvest technologies.
• Assortment of varieties is old-fashioned or of low demand in export market.
• Lack of direct flight to all potential destinations.
• Absence of cooling facilities.
• Absence of effective cool chain of the production centers.
• Inadequate communication system of the production areas.
• Underdeveloped link roads in the production areas.
• Lack of cooperative organization.
• Inadequate government support.